2 1 nf dimensions. Brick sizes and markings. Photo of a double brick wall

As a building material, it was invented a long time ago, some samples are about 10,000 years old. The process of making it at first probably looked like this: our ancestors, maybe even hairy and with clubs at the ready, sculpted themselves into clay cubes, dried them in the sun, and then built walls from them. Everything was fine and nothing foreshadowed trouble, but one day the finished hut burned down, and even with all the furniture. But as the saying goes: "There is a silver lining!" It dawned on the observant person that it would be nice to burn ready-made clay cubes, dried under the sun, to enhance their useful qualities. This, obviously, was how brick production began.

For a long time brick dimensions did not obey any rules. They sculpted it as they wanted and whoever wanted. But then they began to standardize within the settlements, states. From these constant changes, the then builders probably just groaned. But now restorers can easily determine the time of construction of historical buildings by the size of individual bricks. All these movements under the yoke of evolution and technical progress have led the current manufacturers to uniform standards that are enshrined in government documents, and they cannot be violated in any way.

For a private house builder, it is very useful to get acquainted with all the information about bricks in order to correctly design a house on the basis of these data, calculate the amount of required building materials, and know in the future what and where to mold.

Brick - This is a stone of the correct form of artificial origin, which is very widely used in construction. He has three surfaces:

  • bed - the biggest;
  • spoons - medium;
  • jab - the smallest surface.

Table 1. Dimensions of bricks of domestic manufacturers

Name Dimension marking Dimensions, mm Name marking
Single 1-NF 250x120x65 ABOUT
"Euro" 0.7-NF 250x85x65 E
Modular single 1,3-NF 288x138x65 M
One and a half 1,4-NF 250x120x88 Have
Thickened brick with horizontal voids 1,4-NF 250x120x88 UG
Double brick (stone) 2,1-NF 250x120x140 TO
3,7-NF 288x288x88
2.9-NF 288x138x140
1,8-NF 288x138x88
4,5-NF 250x250x140
3,2-NF 250x180x140
Large stone
(porous ceramic block)		 14,3-NF 510x250x219 QC
11,2-NF 398x250x219
10.7-NF 380x250x219
9,3-NF 380x255x188
6,8-NF 380x250x140
4.9-NF 380x180x140
6.0-NF 250x250x188
Stone with horizontal voids 1,8-NF 250x200x70 KG

Foreign manufacturers have completely different standards and sizes differ from domestic ones.

Table 2. Marking of sizes of European bricks

Marking Dimensions, mm
DF 240x115x52
2DF 240x115x113
NF 240x115x71
RF 240x115x61
WDF 210x100x65
Wf 210x100x50

Knowing the dimensions is good, but you also need to know the types of bricks, and there are many of them. In terms of composition and production technology, it can be:

  • ceramic;
  • silicate;
  • hyper-pressed.

Ceramic brick

It is based on clay and mixtures with its use. The technology for the production of ceramic bricks is simple and represents the process of firing already molded clay blocks at high temperatures.

Good sound insulation, high strength, low moisture absorption, high density and frost resistance - these are the advantages of this building material. Disadvantages - high price, high thermal conductivity, relatively large weight and the possible appearance of "efflorescence" on the finished masonry. Ceramic bricks can be used almost everywhere: for the construction of load-bearing and self-supporting walls and partitions, masonry and plinths, the inner and outer parts of ventilation ducts, chimneys and sewer wells.

Silicate brick

It is based on a mixture of quartz sand, lime and water. The molded mass is subjected to autoclaving - the action of water vapor under high pressure. Sound insulation, strength, density and frost resistance are all at a high level. In addition, there are no "efflorescence" on the masonry and the cost is lower than ceramic. The disadvantages include relatively large weight, high thermal conductivity, reduced water resistance and reduced heat resistance. Silicate brick is used in the construction of load-bearing and self-supporting and partitions, low water and heat resistance excludes its use in laying foundations, wells, the inside of chimneys, as well as walls in rooms with high humidity.

Hyper pressed brick

It is based on crushed limestone with the addition of cement and pigment for coloring the mass. The finished mass is pressed under very high pressure in two stages.

Hyper-pressed brick is characterized by high density, lack of efflorescence, resistance to sudden changes in air temperature, original appearance, clear geometry. Its disadvantages are high thermal conductivity and high weight. Typically, such a brick is used for cladding the facades of buildings and the construction of fences.

Varieties of bricks for their intended purpose

It is divided into:

  • construction (private);
  • facing;
  • special.

Construction (ordinary) brick It is used for laying the inner and outer rows of walls, followed by the application of plaster. Walls, foundations, plinths, columns, pillars, ventilation ducts - all this can be built from ordinary bricks. Ordinary is ceramic and silicate bricks, solid and hollow bricks. The choice of a specific brand depends on what qualities the planned structure should have.

Facing brick used for cladding the facades of buildings. Its distinctive feature is the presence of two smooth and aesthetically attractive surfaces (one "poke" and one "spoon"). Facing brick is silicate, hyper-pressed, ceramic. It can be either full-bodied or hollow. The front surface can be smooth or embossed, and various methods are used to finish it:

  • shotcrete - this is the mechanical application of glass crumb, sand, porcelain, chamotte, artik tuff using a shotcrete installation;
  • engobing - the colored composition of engoba is applied to the dried raw material and fired once. An engobe consists of liquid clay, white or colored with dyes;
  • glazing - glaze, ground glass is applied to the fired clay, and the product is fired again, but at a lower temperature. As a result, a glassy waterproof layer is formed, which has good adhesion to the bulk;
  • polymer coating (polymer staining);
  • two-layer molding - the bulk of the product is molded from red clays, and the face composition (3 - 5 mm) from white unpainted or colored clays.

Special brick (furnace, chamotte) has high heat resistance, is made of refractory clay and can withstand temperatures over 1000 ° C. It has a sandy yellow color and grainy texture. Used for laying stoves, fireplaces, the inner surface of chimneys.

Varieties of bricks in structure

By its structure, it is divided into:

  • corpulent;
  • hollow;
  • porous.

Solid brick has no voids of more than 13%. Its purpose is the laying of internal and external walls, columns, pillars and other supporting structures. Its high thermal conductivity imposes restrictions on the construction of external walls entirely of this material.

Hollow brick has through voids up to 45% of the total product volume. As a result, its thermal insulation characteristics are improved, and the weight of the product is reduced. Areas of application of hollow bricks - lightweight walls, partitions, filling the reinforced concrete frames of multi-storey buildings, facade cladding. The shape of the holes in the finished products is quite diverse: through, closed on one side, vertical and horizontal, round, square, rectangular and oval. Well, just endless variety.

Porous brick has a porous structure of material (ceramics). Due to its porosity, it acquires improved heat and sound insulation, as well as a relatively low weight of the product. The areas of application of such bricks are absolutely similar to the use of hollow bricks.

Brick marking

Each batch of bricks is marked by the manufacturer, all information about the product is indicated on the marking in an alphanumeric code. It is not difficult to decipher the marking, it consists of: marking the name of the product, letters P - for privates, L - for obverse; size designations and designations: By - for corpulent, Poo- for hollow; strength and frost resistance grades; medium density class and designation of GOST.

For example: Brick KORPu 1NF / 100 / 1.4 / 50 / GOST 530-2007

Marking of ordinary ceramic bricks, hollow, thickened, size 1.4NF, grade for strength M150, average density class 1.4, grade for frost resistance F50:

Or: Single silicate bricks of an ordinary grade for strength 150, grade for frost resistance F15 will be marked: Brick COP-150/15, GOST 379-95.

Brick strength grade - denoted by the letter M, and denotes what load per 1 cm² it can withstand. There are a large number of strength grades, but they are mainly found: M75, M100, M125, M150, M175, M200, M250, M300.

Frost resistance of bricks - are subdivided into brands F25, F35, F50, F75, F100. These grades represent the number of freeze and thaw cycles that the finished product can withstand. To determine frost resistance, the test items are saturated with water and frozen for 5 hours. After that, the brick thaws for 5 hours in water at a temperature of 10-20 °. Then the cycle of freezing and thawing is repeated until the product is destroyed.

Average density of brick subdivided into classes: 0.8; 1.0; 1.2; 1.4; 2.0.


When making a purchase, it is these data that you should pay attention to! You can advertise, embellish, anything, and a brick, respectively, but the marking will tell you the truth.

The current GOST 530-2012 defines a ceramic stone as a large-sized hollow piece product intended for laying external and internal walls. This category includes building ceramics whose format exceeds 1.3 NF. Thus, the double ceramic brick of the 2.1 NF format (250x120x140 mm), which is widely demanded in the construction market, is actually a stone. Porous stone 2,1 NF (double brick) has a number of fundamental differences from the standard format brick:

  • Ceramic stone is produced only hollow. By combining closed air pores and slotted voids, it effectively prevents heat loss. The thermal conductivity coefficient of a double ceramic brick is one of the lowest among all types of building ceramics - 0.24-0.36 W / m. ° C.
  • The corrugated shape of the edges makes the double format ceramic brick more convenient to work with.
  • The size of the double stone is significantly superior to the single ceramic brick (250x120x140 versus 250x120x65), which can significantly reduce the time of masonry work.

The ceramic stone brick plant supplies porous ceramic stone made from high quality raw materials on one of the most modern production lines in Russia. Our factory is a new enterprise equipped according to the leading industry standards. Using unique clays of our own deposit and modern production technologies, we supply double bricks of European quality to the market at affordable prices.

Buy double brick or ceramic stone

Ceramic stone is widely used by construction companies that are actively exploring new building technologies. The use of ceramic stone makes it possible to significantly reduce the consumption of masonry mortar, which, in turn, reduces the overall construction costs. However, the advantages of this type of brick do not end there. Double brick demonstrates high strength and frost resistance, which makes it possible to use it even in an aggressive environment and in regions with a harsh climate.

The quality of VVKZ double bricks is guaranteed by a strict internal quality control system. Like all products of our plant, ceramic stone exactly complies with the current GOSTs, as well as other standards and regulations that are mandatory. When ordering double bricks or any other products from our factory, we are ready to carry out delivery to the warehouse or construction site of the customer. The modern vehicle fleet of VVKZ makes it possible to promptly deliver bricks and porous stones not only to Moscow, but also to any other settlements located in the Central and North-West regions.

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Characteristics and dimensions of double hollow brick

A double brick differs from a single brick in its dimensions, namely in height, so the dimensions of a single brick are 250x120x65, and for a double one, 250x120x138. This feature allows you to reduce laying time and the total number of joints. Also of the features are the corrugated side edges, due to which better grip is carried out and cold bridges are reduced. The surface of the brick consists of 36% of cracks or voids, they are necessary for better heat and sound insulation. For 1 square meter of a double stone wall, about 130 bricks are used, in contrast to 265 single ones. Plus, your walls will be lighter, which means there is an opportunity to save on the foundation.

Double red brick M 150

Red double bricks are ideal for the construction of load-bearing walls, although experienced builders still recommend using solid ones for basement work. The properties of double ceramic bricks are also regulated by GOST 530-2012. In production, only natural raw materials are used, with the addition of coloring pigments. Thus, it is safe to build houses for permanent residence from this brick. In addition, you will never go wrong by choosing brick as the main material, it is time-tested and if you want to build a truly decent house, then you will not find a better double stone. Among other things, using a double brick is very beneficial from the point of view that much less mortar is spent during laying, due to the fact that, in principle, due to the increased dimensions, the number of joints decreases. Although at first glance, looking at its cost, it may seem that such a house will be very expensive, but if you take into account the savings on mortar, logistics and foundation costs, then in the end you will remain in a big plus.

Photo of a double brick wall

The technology for the production of double bricks is the same as for ordinary single bricks, the only difference is in non-standard dimensions and some compound additives that are used to improve the quality of the plastic mass. Today in Russia there are several well-known factories that successfully produce double bricks. Below we have compared the products of these factories by their main characteristics.

Rating Plant Main characteristics
1 place VVKZ Narrow holes and high strength grade M200
2nd place KASHIR High strength grade but large round holes (high voidness)
3rd place MIKHNEVO Medium strength grade, thin walls
4th place MSTERA Low strength grade, large holes, thin outer walls


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Ceramic stone is widely used by construction companies that are actively exploring new building technologies. The use of porous ceramic stone makes it possible to significantly reduce the consumption of masonry mortar, which, in turn, reduces the overall construction costs. However, the advantages of this type of brick do not end there. Double brick demonstrates high strength and frost resistance, which makes it possible to use it even in aggressive environments and in regions with harsh climates. Thanks to the use of a porizer, the weight of the product is reduced, which ultimately leads to a significant decrease in the weight of the building, and therefore to a decrease in the requirements for the foundation. In addition, porous ceramic stone is warmer than ordinary one due to internal micropores formed during the firing of bricks: sawdust added to the clay burns out in the oven, leaving behind microscopic closed pores that act as a heat insulator.

The quality of double porous bricks produced by the brick factory is guaranteed by a strict internal quality control system. Like all products of our plant, porous ceramic stone exactly corresponds to the current GOSTs, as well as other standards and regulations that are mandatory. When ordering double porous bricks or any other products from our plant, we are ready to carry out delivery to the warehouse or construction site of the customer. The modern vehicle fleet of the plant makes it possible to promptly deliver bricks and porous stones not only to Moscow, but also to any other cities.

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